Shared near neighbours neural network model: a debris flow warning system     

Fi‐John Chang  Kuo‐Yuan Tseng  Paulo Chaves 《水文研究》2007,21(14):1968-1976

The main purpose of this study is to develop a new type of artificial neural network based model for constructing a debris flow warning system. The Chen‐Eu‐Lan river basin, which is located in Central Taiwan, is assigned as the study area. The creek is one of the most well‐known debris flow areas where several damaging debris flows have been reported in the last two decades. The hydrological and geological data, which might have great influence on the occurrence of debris flows, are first collected and analysed, then, the shared near neighbours neural network (SNN + NN) is presented to construct the debris flow warning system for the watershed. SNN is an unsupervised learning method that has the advantage of dealing with non‐globular clusters, besides presenting computational efficiency. By using SNN, the compiled hydro‐geological data set can easily and meaningfully be clustered into several categories. These categories can then be identified as ‘occurrence’ or ‘no‐occurrence’ of debris flows. To improve the effectiveness of the debris flow warning system, a neural network framework is designed to connect all the clusters produced by the SNN method, whereas the connected weights of the network are adjusted through a supervised learning method. This framework is used and its applicability and practicability for debris flow warning are investigated. The results demonstrate that the proposed SNN + NN model is an efficient and accurate tool for the development of a debris flow warning system. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Immunological cross-reactions between P700 chlorophyll-proteins isolated from two marine green algae and one higher plant     

Wu Xiaonan  Zhou Baicheng  C. K. Tseng 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1991,9(2):97-105

P₇₀₀ Chl-protein was isolated from a marine green algaBryopsis corticulans with SDS-resolved thylakoid membranes by SDS-PAGE. After elution from the gel, the recovered protein revealed a 100 KD polypeptide by re-electrophoresis. The same SDS-PAGE procedure was used to isolate P₇₀₀ Chl-proteins from spinach (Spinacea oleracea) and another marine green algaCodium fragile. Polyclonal antibodies toBryopsis P₇₀₀ protein were raised in rabbits. The antibodies were shown to cross-react with P₇₀₀ Chl-protein and Chl-protein complexes containing P₇₀₀ protein fromB. Corticulans, C. f ragile, and even spinach. Results indicate similarity of the amino acid sequences of the P₇₀₀ Chl-proteins and the highly conserved structure of the apoproteins of phylogenetically distant species over evolution. The antibodies cross-react with none of the components of PSII in the species tested, indicating an independent pathway of evolution of photosystem I and photosystem II of later origin. Contribution No. 1717 from the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica  相似文献   

Comparative fatty acid composition of fourSargassum species (Fucales,Phaeophyta)     

Wu Xiang-chun  Lu Bao-ren  C. K. Tseng 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1995,13(4):370-373

Fatty acid composition of fourSargassum species from Qingdao and Shidao, Shandong Province was investigated. 16:0 (palmitic acid) was the major saturated fatty acid. C₁₈ and C₂₀ were the main polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid predominated among polyenoic acids in all the algal species examined, except forSargassum sp. which had low concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid. Contribution No. 2354 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  相似文献   

COMPARATIVE FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF FOUR SARGASSUM SPECIES(FUCALES,PHAEOPHYTA)     

吴向春  陆保仁  曾呈奎 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1995,(4)

Fatty acid composition of four Sargassum species from Qingdao and Shidao,Shandong Provincewas investigated.16:0(palmitic acid)was the major saturated fatty acid.C_(18) and C_(20)were the mainpolyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs).Arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid predominated amongpolyenoic acids in all the algal species examined.except for Sargassum sp.which had low concentrationof eicosapentaenoic acid.  相似文献   

On two new species ofGardnerula (Cyanophyta) and the taxonomy of the genus     

C. K. Tseng  Hua Maosen 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1982,1(1):111-120

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ON A NEW SPECIES OF PAVLOVA (PRYMNESIOPHYCEAE) FROM CHINA     

曾呈奎  陈椒芬  张哲夫 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1992,(1)

Pavlova viridis sp. nov. is described on the basis of light and electron microscope observations. The material was collected from the coast of Haiyang county of Shandong, China. It is characterized by 1) yellowish green to green chloroplast, 2) rudimentary short flagellum 0. 3um long and hook-shaped, 3)long flagellum with small spherical knob-scales, 4) absence of pyrenoid and stigma, and 5) marine habitat. This new species and P . salina seem to be most closely related to each other but their colour, the insertion of their three appendages, the shape of their knob scales, and their cell periplasts are quite different from one another .  相似文献   

钝顶螺旋藻C-藻蓝蛋白分子内不同基团间能量传递的研究   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

王广策; 曾呈奎  王广策; 曾呈奎 《海洋与湖沼》1998,29(5):471-476

于１９９６年８－１２月,从钝顶螺旋藻中分离纯化Ｃ－藻蓝蛋白,并用荧光光谱法对Ｃ－藻蓝蛋白分子内不同基团间的能量传递进行研究,结果表明,Ｃ－藻蓝蛋白分子内芳香族氨基酸残基能将能量传至与脱辅基蛋白共价结合的色基,从而使色基产生相应的荧光,Ｃ－藻蓝蛋白分子２４０－２４５ｎｍ的荧光激发峰产生于二硫键,它也能将吸收的能量传至色基;同时还发现,溶液状态下的Ｃ－藻蓝蛋白分子内,色氨酸残基可能位于分子内部的疏水区  相似文献   

Typhoon-induced strong surface flows in the Taiwan strait and pacific   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Yu-Chia Chang  Ruo-Shan Tseng  Luca R. Centurioni 《Journal of Oceanography》2010,66(2):175-182

Surface Velocity Program drifters drogued at 15 m depth were deployed in the Taiwan Strait (TS) and Luzon Strait in 2005 and 2006. Several drifters in the TS and the Pacific were fortuitously overrun by the typhoon Hai-Tang (July 2005) and Shan-Shan (September 2006), respectively. The drifter and QuikSCAT wind data clearly demonstrate that the surface current over the TS and the Pacific can change dramatically for a period of about two days due to the strong winds of a typhoon during its passage. Our results show that the area of storm-affected surface currents is considerably smaller for a weaker typhoon (category 2 Shan-Shan), about 300∼400 km in radius, than for a stronger typhoon (category 5 Hai-Tang), about 800 km in radius. The maximum observed current speed in the TS was 1.7 ms⁻¹ (or 2.2 ms⁻¹ in net speed change) under the influence of Hai-Tang, and 2 ms⁻¹ in the Pacific under the influence of Shan-Shan. Drifter observations revealed the unusual phenomenon of flow reversal in the surface layer of TS and the Kuroshio induced by the typhoon passage. The effect of a typhoon on surface flows is amplified by the long, narrow geometry of the TS. Surface currents generated by wind forcing along the passage of a traveling typhoon can be explained by the Ekman drift.  相似文献   

Sources of water in the Taiwan Strait   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Sen Jan  Yu-Heng Tseng  David E. Dietrich 《Journal of Oceanography》2010,66(2):211-221

The conveyor of the source water that feeds into the Taiwan Strait (TS), particularly from the south, is investigated using historical CTD (Conductivity-Temperature-Depth) data and a North Pacific Ocean and East Asian seas coupled model. The modeled currents and drifter trajectories suggest that the Kuroshio Branch Water (KBW) rarely flows directly into the TS from the Luzon Strait (LS) in winter; instead the massive westward movement of the Kuroshio conveys high salinity water to the southeastern TS through a loop-like route. In summer, the modeled flow fields suggest that the Kuroshio surface currents hardly intrude into the TS directly from the LS. Observations and model results show that the monsoon-driven northeastwardflowing currents in the northern South China Sea transport relatively low salinity water through the entire TS.  相似文献   

Natural disaster management mechanisms for probabilistic earthquake loss   总被引：7，自引：7，他引：0  

Chun-Pin Tseng  Cheng-Wu Chen 《Natural Hazards》2012,60(3):1055-1063

High rates of urbanization, environmental degradation, and industrial development have affected all nations worldwide, but in disaster-prone areas, the impact is even greater serving to increase the extent of damage from natural catastrophes. As a result of the global nature of environmental change, modern economies have had to adapt, and sustainability is an extremely important issue. Clearly, natural disasters will affect the competitiveness of an enterprise. This study focuses on natural disaster management in an area in which the direct risks are posed by the physical effects of natural disasters such as floods, droughts, tsunamis, and rising sea levels. On a local level, the potential impact of a disaster on a company and how much damage (loss) it causes to facilities and future business are of concern. Each company must make plans to mitigate predictable risk. Risk assessments must be completed in a timely manner. Disaster management is also very important to national policy. Natural disaster management mechanisms can include strategies for disaster prevention, early warning (prediction) systems, disaster mitigation, preparedness and response, and human resource development. Both governmental administration (public) and private organizations should participate in these programs. Participation of the local community is especially important for successful disaster mitigation, preparation for, and the implementations of such measures. Our focus in this study is a preliminary proposal for developing an efficient probabilistic approach to facilitate design optimization that involves probabilistic constraints.  相似文献